Have you ever wondered how continents and oceans were formed? How did the Earth's layers form? What causes landslides that lead to earthquakes and volcanoes? What are the factors responsible for the formation of different geological structures on Earth? So you are going to travel through a branch of geology, known as structural geology, which is concerned with studying different geological structures by studying three fundamental elements when, how, and why? It also deals with the processes that led to the formation of these structures and their impact on rocks.
These structures are the product of tectonic forces that occur within the earth, leading to cracks, folds and joints, as well as the formation of mountains and the occurrence of class slips. Most of these forces are related to tectonic activity, a large part of the natural sources on which we rely in industry, such as minerals and petroleum formed in or near these structures. A deeper study and knowledge of how it will inevitably lead us to discover more of these materials.
Folding folds
One of the forms of these geological structures is the flexions in the rocks of the crust as a result of exposure to ground forces, and is of particular importance to those interested in this area through which can know the relative immersion of the layers of rock constituents and are reservoirs of oil and mineral wealth and groundwater. Several factors include its structural elements and the appearance of the geological field to convex and convex folds.
Faults
The second tectonic structure is the fault or crack, which breaks down the layers of the ground rocks and moves on both sides of this fracture. The forms of the faults vary according to the side displacement. The faults are also important for the structural geologists. Some of the faults may be accompanied by the mounting of hot water fountains with the healing capacity of some skin diseases and rheumatism , Deposition of minerals such as calcite.
Joint Joints
The third of these structures is the separator, which breaks the rocks without any displacement on both sides of the fracture and the ancient Egyptians could benefit from this structure in particular when building their mosques and temples where they were able to determine the direction of long-term movements of land.
The study of geological structures is in favor of other relevant sciences such as petroleum geology, economic geology, and mining geology. The rock layers that are exposed to cracks and folds consist of the so-called "traps", which combine petroleum and natural gas .
The structural geologist examines these structures by studying the type of force exerted on these layers and the degree of deformation that has occurred to them. It is useful to know the extent, source and intensity of the angle of force, with a study of the composition of these rocks and a careful study of these changes. They have access to important semantics and conclusions in the understanding of geology.
The study of these structures and deformation is carried out from the nanostructure scale to the giant geological formations, Plate Boundaries, using various devices ranging from the electronic microscope to the remote sensing technology.
The science of geology and tectonics is not to be confused with the study of deformation processes affecting rocks. The second is the formation of the earth and its formation in a wider range than the geological structures.
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