Organic chemistry is the science that deals with the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and synthesis of compounds in which carbon is an essential element!
Not only hydrocarbons but also compounds containing other elements such as hydrogen (most compounds contain at least one bond between carbon and hydrogen), nitrogen, oxygen, halogens, phosphorus, silicon and sulfur.
This science was limited in its beginnings to compounds originating from living organisms, but later other human materials and compounds such as plastics were included.
* Hydrocarbons: are compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen only!
What are the applications of organic chemistry?
The applications and fields of this specialization are endless, including, but not limited to: pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, food, explosives, paints and cosmetics.
Where is organic chemistry used?
Organic chemistry is the most innovative science, where chemists create new molecules and explore properties of existing compounds that are of interest to most of the specialists in this field, especially masters and doctoral students.
Organic compounds in everything around us almost. In addition to being a major supporter in the economy of many major countries because they contribute to the manufacture of rubber, plastic, fuel, detergents, dyes, fertilizers, medical drugs and many more
As well as the prominent role played by organic chemistry in supporting other sciences and disciplines such as biochemistry, biotechnology and medicine because it helps us to understand the biological processes within the bodies of living organisms
What are the areas of work in organic chemistry?
Many professionals work in fields such as pharmaceutical, consumer products, petrochemicals, while others work in scientific research to create many other vehicles or work on existing vehicles. Here are some of the industries that employ chemists in this field
(1) Biotechnology
Is one of the branches of applied biology which means studying the use of living organisms and the biological processes that are carried out within them to manufacture or modify products for specific uses.
The cultivation of plants was considered the oldest example of biotechnology and the first beginnings of modern genetic engineering! Almost all products manufactured from biotechnology processes are credited to organic chemistry
The areas of biotechnology range from health care, crop production, agriculture, non-food uses to crops and other products (eg biodegradable plastics, biofuels) and environmental applications.
(2) Chemicals
The chemical industry is a very powerful and influential field in the economy of many countries, including the conversion of raw materials such as oil, natural gas, air, water, metals and metals to more than 70,000 different products.
The idea is simply to use these basic products to produce consumer products used in manufacturing, construction, agriculture, services and many other fields
More than three-quarters of the chemical industry's production worldwide is polymers and plastics. Chemicals are used in the manufacture of a wide range of consumer goods, as well as thousands of other products that are involved in agriculture, manufacturing, construction and services.
The chemicals industry consumes about a quarter of its production. This includes industries such as textiles, clothing, oil refining, paper, rubber, and many more.
One of the most famous companies in this field is Bayer,
(3) Consumer goods
Products that the consumer needs on a daily basis include: soap, detergents, cosmetics
Among the most famous companies in this field: Johnson & Johnson
(4) medicines
The pharmaceutical industry develops, produces and markets drugs licensed for use in humans or animals.
Among the most famous companies in this field: Sanofi, Novartis, Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline
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