X-ray is a form of electromagnetic radiation; it has a short wavelength and high energy but is less energy than gamma radiation; its energy is approximately 1 to 100 kV.
In this article we will review together some basic information you should know about the properties and applications of these rays.
1 - discovered in 1985 by the famous physicist William Rontgen was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1901 in honor of this discovery. Roentgen has discovered the term "X-strahlen" and "Strahlen" is a German word for radiation. The symbol "X" is used in mathematics to express an unknown quantity.
Although we now know a lot about the nature and properties of the radiation, the name remains as it is to indicate the state of uncertainty in which Rontgen occurred immediately after his observation of this type of radiation. It is translated in Arabic into the term X-ray or x-ray.
2. Within a few weeks of Röntgen's announcement of his discovery, European surgeons began to use it. An old X-ray diagnosis was made by a British doctor who discovered that a needle was in the hands of a woman!
The following year, a special X-ray department was created at the Glasgow Royal Infirmary to expand its therapeutic use to examine bone fractures or to detect any shots from gunshot wounds.
3. Initially, many people believed that the use of these radiation in medical examinations was safe and did not cause any harm until 1904 when Clarence Daley, the special assistant to the world-famous Thomas Edison, died of skin cancer after long periods of radiation.
Although excessive exposure to this radiation may cause cancer, it is used in some types of radiation therapy. Nuclei of these cells.
However, the National Cancer Institute advises that this technique be used to minimize its side effects as it affects normal cells in the body.
According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, the radiation that is launched on cells works to remove electrons from their atoms as well as to break the molecular bonds, which changes the nature of these cells; and using large amounts of energy can destroy or destroy these cells!
The second is "Soft X-rays", which is the lowest form of energy and the weakest penetration. .
Although the discovery of the structure of DNA is attributed to James Watson and Francis Crick, this achievement would not have been possible without the experiments of the British chemist Rosalind Franklin in x-ray crystallography.
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